PENGELOLAAN TERPADU DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI(DAS) TALAWAAN, KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA DENGAN WILAYAH PESISIR KOTA MANADO UNTUK PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN

Kaunang, Stella Tinny (2019) PENGELOLAAN TERPADU DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI(DAS) TALAWAAN, KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA DENGAN WILAYAH PESISIR KOTA MANADO UNTUK PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN. [Image]

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Abstract

Dynamic interactions in the watershed between the biophysical
environment and the community can lead to various problems including
environmental degradation resulting in pollution, floods, landslides,
sedimentation, erosion, eutrophication and decreasing water quality. The
Talawaan watershed is located in North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi
Province-Indonesia. It is a supporting area for community and environmental
systems with abundant fisheries and marine resource. On the other hand, it is
prone to various environmental, social, and economic problems with small-scale
gold mining, in which has the potential to reduce quality environment and waters.
There is also no integration between sectors and agencies, as well as low public
awareness and participation in preserving the benefits of natural resources in
watersheds, therefore it is very necessary to have integrated management in the
Talawaan watershed with coastal areas for sustainable fisheries. The research
objectives are to identify and evaluate the potential, advantages, problems,
opportunities and threats in the Talawaan watershed, develop strategies for
integrated management, and design an integrated management model of the
Talawaan watershed with coastal areas for sustainable fisheries.
Research methods with qualitative and quantitative analysis, covering 5
aspects such as state of nature, water quality, the presence of parasites and
bacteria, institutional and community socio-economic were applied. These five
aspects represent integration in management in watersheds and coastal areas. Data
were obtained through observation, interviews, questionnaires and quantitative
measurements. In aspect of natural conditions were obtained by measuring the
biophysical data of the Talawaan river, water sources, topography and river
vegetation. In water quality aspects consist of the physical, chemical and
microbiological of water, total coliforms and heavy metals with each of the 2
sampling points in upstream and downstream were determined. In fisheries aspect,
those are the presence of parasites and bacteria, as well as the mercury content in
the body of cultivated fish and wild fish that live on the Talawaan River were
analyzed. In institutional aspects consist of organizational structure, knowledge of
human resources, and applicable legislation related to watershed management and
coastal areas were assessed. In the community socio-economic aspects, which are
income levels, education and livelihoods, also community participation and
awareness of their environment were determined. The results of the study of each
aspect were analyzed by SWOT, IFAS and EFAS to obtain priority and
management dimensions. Four groups of management dimensions consist of
ecological, socio-economic, institutional and technological dimensions, with each
variable was tested by Stepwise regression analysis to see the most influential
variables.

The results showed that the development of other regions, and river
biophysics have most significant influence in the ecological dimension, while fish
prices, public awareness, availability of marine and fishery resources,
environmental supervision have significant effect on the socio-economic
dimension. Training of fish farmers and work synergy between institutions are
factors which influence on institutional dimensions. Furthermore, the prevalence
of bacteria and parasites in fish has most significant influence on the technology
dimension. Then it is followed by river databases. Based on these results, the
integrated management model of the Talawaan watershed with coastal areas can

be done with 5 management approaches: ecological and hydrological, socio-
economic, institutional, technological, and educational approaches.

Keywords: Integrated management, Talawaan watershed, coastal areas,

sustainable fisheries

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